What is a microdiscectomy?
A microdiscectomy — also called microdecompression or microsurgical discectomy — is a minimally invasive procedure that removes the herniated portion of a spinal disc that is pressing on a nerve root. Using a surgical microscope or loupe magnification through a small incision of 1 to 2 centimeters, the surgeon removes only the disc fragment causing the compression while preserving the rest of the disc and all surrounding structures.
Microdiscectomy is most commonly performed for lumbar disc herniation causing sciatica — radiating pain, numbness, or weakness traveling from the lower back into the leg. It is also performed for cervical disc herniation causing arm symptoms through an anterior approach. The procedure is highly effective and most patients notice significant improvement in their radiating symptoms within days to weeks of surgery.
Dr. Enguidanos performs microdiscectomy at HCA Florida Twin Cities Hospital and Emerald Coast Surgical Center in Niceville, Florida. Most patients are discharged the same day. He serves patients throughout the Florida Panhandle and Gulf Coast with herniated disc causing sciatica or arm pain not responding to conservative treatment.
The procedure.
Small Incision and Retractor Placement
A 1 to 2 centimeter incision is made directly over the affected disc level. A tubular retractor or small self-retaining retractor is placed to provide access to the spine with minimal muscle disruption.
Bone and Ligament Removal
A small amount of the inferior lamina and ligamentum flavum is removed to access the nerve root and disc space. The surgical microscope provides magnification and illumination.
Nerve Root Identification and Protection
The compressed nerve root is gently identified and retracted medially to expose the herniated disc fragment. Great care is taken to avoid stretching or injuring the nerve.
Disc Fragment Removal
The herniated disc fragment — the piece of disc material pressing on the nerve — is grasped and removed. The disc space is explored for any additional loose fragments.
Confirmation and Closure
The decompressed nerve root is confirmed to be free of compression. The small incision is closed in layers. Most patients are discharged within a few hours of surgery.